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Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2002) - Niue (2004)
Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2002) z Niue (2004)
| Micronesia, Federated States of (2002) | Niue (2004) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap | none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens | coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle |
| Airports | 7 (2001) | 1 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 6
1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
- |
| Area | total: 702 sq km
land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae |
total: 260 sq km
land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only) | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid. | Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2004), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population | NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants)
expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.) |
revenues: NA
expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA |
| Capital | Palikir | Alofi |
| Climate | tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds |
| Coastline | 6,112 km | 64 km |
| Constitution | 10 May 1979 | 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act) |
| Country name | conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia
conventional short form: none former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) abbreviation: FSM |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island |
| Currency | US dollar (USD) | New Zealand dollar (NZD) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population | NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Debt - external | $66.5 million | $418,000 (2002 est.) |
| Dependency status | - | self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Larry DINGER
embassy: address NA, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186 |
none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU
chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam) |
none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001 | $2.6 million from New Zealand (2002) |
| Economy - overview | Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location and a lack of adequate facilities hinder development. In 1996, the country experienced a 20% reduction in revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement with the US in which Micronesia received $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001. Since these revenues accounted for 57% of consolidated government revenues, reduced Compact funding resulted in a severe depression. Economic activity recovered in 1999-2001. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due to likely further reductions in external grants made under the US Compact funding. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth. | The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 2.79 million kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 3 million kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m |
| Environment - current issues | overfishing, climate change, pollution | increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
| Ethnic groups | nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups | Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans) |
| Exchange rates | the US dollar is used | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.7229 (2003), 2.1620 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators-at-large for four-year terms; election last held NA May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2003); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed election results: Leo A. FALCAM elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA% |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)
head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005) election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI) 30% |
| Exports | $22 million (f.o.b.) | NA (2001) |
| Exports - commodities | fish, garments, bananas, black pepper | canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | Japan, US, Guam | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000) |
| Fiscal year | 1 October - 30 September | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern | yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $269 million
note: GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2001 est.) |
purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 50%
industry: 4% services: 46% (2000 est.) |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: 55% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2001 est.) | purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 2% (2001 est.) | -0.3% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 6 55 N, 158 15 E | 19 02 S, 169 52 W |
| Geography - note | four major island groups totaling 607 islands | one of world's largest coral islands |
| Highways | total: 240 km
paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (1996) |
total: 234 km
paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | $149 million f.o.b. | NA (2001) |
| Imports - commodities | food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages | food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs |
| Imports - partners | US, Australia, Japan | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000) |
| Independence | 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship) | on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA |
| Industries | tourism, construction, fish processing, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls | tourism, handicrafts, food processing |
| Infant mortality rate | NA deaths/1,000 live births | total: NA
male: NA female: NA (2004 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.5% (2001 est.) | 1% (1995) |
| International organization participation | ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS (associate), IMF, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO | ACP, FAO, PIF, Sparteca, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court | Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue |
| Labor force | NA | NA (1998 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | two-thirds are government employees | most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 5.71%
permanent crops: 45.71% other: 48.58% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 15.38%
permanent crops: 11.54% other: 73.08% (2001) |
| Languages | English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi | Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English |
| Legal system | based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws | English common law
note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each state - to serve four-year terms and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population - to serve two-year terms)
elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 2 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2003); elections for two-year term seats last held 6 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14 |
unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)
elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years |
total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2004 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.) |
definition: NA
total population: 95% male: NA female: NA |
| Location | Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga |
| Map references | Oceania | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | none
note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: United States 1 (2002 est.) |
none |
| Military - note | Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand |
| Military branches | - | no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force |
| National holiday | Constitution Day, 10 May (1979) | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) |
| Nationality | noun: Micronesian(s)
adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese |
noun: Niuean(s)
adjective: Niuean |
| Natural hazards | typhoons (June to December) | typhoons |
| Natural resources | forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals | fish, arable land |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | no formal parties | Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | NA |
| Population | 135,869 (July 2002 est.) | 2,156 (July 2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA |
| Population growth rate | NA% (2002 est.) | 0.01% (2004 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen | none; offshore anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 9,400 (1996) | - |
| Railways | 0 km (2003) | - |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47% | Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist) |
| Sex ratio | NA | NA (2004 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: adequate system
domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002) |
domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island
international: country code - 683 |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 11,000 (2001) | 1,100 est (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | newly installed in Pohnpei and Yap | 400 (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | 2 (1997) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Truk | steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman | NA children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 16% (1999 est.) | NA (March 1999) |
| Waterways | none | - |
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